Author(s): Rolade C. Brizuela and Gloria T. Sadsad

Abstract

The front pages of 72 issues of Bulletin Today. The Reporter and Morning Times. representing the national, regional and local newspapers published in the Philippines, respectively, were content analyzed to determine the variations in prominence given to development and non-development news and photographs before and during martial law. The newspapers were chosen through random sampling. Results showed that newspapers published during martial law allocated more space to textual matters and contained more development news, but had lesser space for photographs than those published before martial law. There were 61 development news and 272 non-development news stories published in the pre-martial law issues of sample newspapers, while those published during martial law carried a total of 160 development and 271 non-development news. Business and economics news ranked first among the commonly published development news. News on elections and politics predominated among the non-development news. There was a highly significant difference in the number of development news stories published in the different newspaper categories before and during martial law.

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Author:Leonila T. Salundaguit-Parrilla

Abstract

A total of 120 agrarian reform beneficiaries from 10 municipalities in Leyte was selected through proportional sampling to determine their credit needs. The average farm loan requirements of the respondents were P1,003, P1,035 and P2,038 per hectare for wet, dry, and both seasons, respectively. Farm size was directly and significantly related to credit requirement. Household size, educational attainment and farming experience were positively but not significantly related to farm credit requirement. Provision of irrigation water had a significant effect on credit requirement while net family income was negatively related to credit requirement.

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Author: Antonio A. Barroso

Abstract

Valleriola burnoi (Usinger) and Valleriola mindorana Drake were found to “coexist” on the same rock surfaces in the same area at the same time in Molawin Creek, Los Banos, Laguna. A closer examination of their niche relationships revealed varying degrees of habitat specialization in favorable areas. Differences in dispersion, behavioral patterns and microclimatic factors influencing fluctuation in their populations reveal a well-defined degree of niche divergence which explains their coexistence. Elevation, rock size and vegetation cover strongly determine their presence in streams. Observed mating preference for members of the same species demonstrates distinctness of V. buenoi and V. mindorana.

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Author(s): T. Burdeos and D. P. Gapasin

Abstract

Soil depth affected the degree of sweet potato weevil infestation. Highest weight of infested tubers was obtained from the control (without soil added) while the lowest weight was obtained at 26 cm soil depth. Weevil population in tubers showed a similar trend. No infestation was recorded at 29 cm depth. Results show that soil depth significantly affected the non-infested tuber yield and the degree of sweet potato weevil infestation. The greater the depth, the fewer the infested tubers. This implies that burying tubers deeper, such as hilling up at the base of sweet potato during tuber formation, can reduce weevil infestation.

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Author: Marita Ignacio-Galinato

Abstract

The effect of a pre-emergence herbicide on the growth of Rottboellia exaltata L.F. was determined using different concentrations of profluralin or CGA-10832. Concentrations of 5. 10, 25 and 50 ppm induced inhibition of root and shoot growth accompanied by swelling of root tips and coleoptilar nodes. Abnormal enlargement of the cells was apparent in all swollen tissues. Multi-nuclearity of the cells in the pericyclic layer and increase in the number of root and leaf primordium initials were likewise observed.

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Author(s): Clement G. Sales and Reynaldo R. Javier

Abstract

Green manure did not cause any significant effect on most of the yield and yield components of sweet potato variety BNAS-51; a significant decrease in the number of non-marketable tubers was observed. Highly significant differences among fertilizer treatments were obtained for yields of marketable tubers, total tuber yields, and fresh and dry weights of vines, but not for the number of marketable and non-marketable tubers, total number of tubers per plot, and harvest index of sweet potato. The response of tuber and vine yields was attributed to N application. Higher tuber and sine yields were obtained when 40 kg of N with 30 to 60 kg of P and K were applied.

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Author(s): A. Ritaga, R. G. Escalada and A. S. Almendras

Abstract

Three soybean varieties (Clark-63. UPLB Sy-2. and TK-5) were inoculated with strains of Rhizobium japonicum (TAL 102. TAL 103. TAL 377, and Allen 527) using broth culture. The inoculated plants grew taller and formed more nodules than the uninoculated ones but no significant differences on the flowering and maturity of the three soybean varieties were observed. Significant differences in grain yield were noted among varieties, among inoculants, and their interactions. Variety UPLB Sy-2 inoculated with Allen 527 had the highest yield (1.13 ti ha) followed by TK-5 with TAI. 102 (0.91 t/ha). Clark-63 treated with TAL 377 gave the lowest grain yield (0.64 I/ha). Among the uninoculated varieties. Clark-63 was the lowest yielder (0.54 t/ha). The results indicate that 1. specific variety requires a specific strain of R. japonicum.

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Author: J. R. Pardales, Jr.

Abstract

Five taro cultivars were selected from the germplasm at the Philippine Root Crop Research and Training Center in ViSCA, Baybay, Leyte to determine their estimated and actual leaf areas. Correlation analysis of the estimated and actual leaf areas revealed a high linear association between them. A general regression equation = -11.85 + 0.954X) was developed and further verified to be accurate in deter-mining the actual leaf area of taro by simply substituting the estimated leaf area (product of length x width) to the X in the equation. The same question can accurately determine the actual leaf area of different taro cultivars regardless of their stage of growth. The second leaf from the youngest open leaf was identified as the index leaf for both 3- and 4-leaf stage taro plants. The estimated area of the second leaf was highly correlated with the total plant leaf area. The regression equations V = 9.12 + 2.785X and Y = 12.22 + 3.531X can be used to determine accurately the total leaf areas in 3- and 4-leaf stage taro plants, respectively.

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