Monthly Archives: November 2021
Influence of plant growth regulators and UV light exposure on the formation and phenolic content of stevia rebaudiana bertoni callus: a preliminary study
Authors: Florina O. Pacaldo and Catherine C. Arradaza
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different combinations and levels of plant growth regulators, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), on callus induction of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaf and internode explants, and the total phenolic content of Stevia callus as influenced by the length of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light radiation. Early callus initiation was recorded in leaf explants inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BAP. After a week of incubation, leaf explants showed callus formation while in internode explants, callus formation was observed 2 weeks after inoculation. The culture medium supplemented with 1.5mg L-1 2,4-D + 2.0mg L-1 BAP (T4) was the best treatment for leaf explants with 95% callus formation and the addition of 1.0mg L-1 2,4-D + 4.0mg L-1 BAP (T3) was the best treatment for internode explant with 90% callus formation. After 4 weeks of incubation, the leaf and internode calli were observed as compact, non-embryogenic, and yellowish green in all treatments except those inoculated in MS medium alone (control). Stevia leaf callus was subjected to UV radiation after 4 weeks at varying time of exposure. The exposed calli turned brown signifying a possible increasing production of secondary metabolites. Furthermore, combination of 1.5mg L-1 2,4-D + 2.0mg L-1 BAP (T4) and 3h of UV light exposure yielded the highest phenolic content of 87.71mg GAE per g callus. The results further revealed that both medium composition and time of exposure affect the production of phenolic content of Stevia leaf callus.
Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Phenolic Content, UV light exposure, Callus, Plant Growth Regulators
Annals of Tropical Research 43(2):88-101(2021)
https://doi.org/10.32945/atr4328.2021
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In vitro efficacy of different antibiotics against contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’
Authors: Alminda Magbalot-Fernandez, Carlito M. Hindoy Jr. and Leslie T. Ubaub
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to characterize the bacterial and fungal contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana (Musa acuminata) and find out effective antibiotics against these contaminants. This was conducted at the University of Southeastern Philippines, Tagum-Mabini Campus from October 2015 to February 2016.
This experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments replicated three times. The treatments were: T1-Control; T2-Streptomycin (200mg L-1); T3-Nystatin (1mL L-1); T4-Streptomycin (200mg L-1) + Nystatin (1mL L-1); and T5- Benomyl (100mg L-1). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and compared through HSD.
Results showed that the different contaminants occurring during the initiation stage of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana meriplants were composed of Rhizopus sp., an unidentified fungus, and Gram negative bacterium. Generally, 35% contamination was observed on this stage.
The result revealed that colony diameter of unidentified fungus and Rhizopus sp. were inhibited by Nystatin (1mL L-1). While the bacterial clear zone inhibition was increased by Streptomycin. This study elucidated the effectivity of antibiotics, nystatin and streptomycin against bacterial and fungal contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana.
Keywords: Bacteria, Fungi, Contaminants, Tissue-culture, ‘Lakatan’ banana, Meriplants
Annals of Tropical Research 43(1):35-50(2021)
https://doi.org/10.32945/atr4324.2021
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